IGCSE & GCSE Biology by D. G. Mackean

Here you will find the answers to the 'in-text' questions which occur in IGCSE Biology (2nd edition) and GCSE Biology (3rd edition) by D. G. Mackean, published by Hodder Education, London, UK.

Chapters: | Index | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 |

Chapter 1. Cells and tissues

Page 4

1. a Cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane
    b Chloroplasts
2. The cell membrane controls substances entering or leaving the cell
3. The red cell has no nucleus
4. The cell membrane is formed from living cytoplasm; the cell wall is formed from non-living cellulose
5. The section must have been taken above the nucleus
6. a The magnification in Figure 1.1 is x 60, so presumably x100 would be effective
    b The wide part of the cell is 7mm. This is 700 times larger than the real cell, so the cell would measure 7 /700 i.e. 0.01 mm
7. Count the nuclei

Page 7

1. (i) animal cells d, a
    (ii) plant cells d, a, b, c
2. (a) In the midrib and veins (sieve tubes)
    (b) Palisade cells, epidermis, guard cell, (a vessel is formed by many cells)

Page 9

1. Lungs (organ), root hair (cell), mesophyll (tissue), multipolar neurone (cell)
2. (Fig.36.13) Bone and muscle, (Fig. 19.9) muscle, nerve tissue, bone
3. a (Organs) The definition on p.7 says an organ is ‘a structure with a special function’ so all the labelled structures in Fig. 11.5 could be organs. The exceptions might be the mouth, the pyloric sphincter, the rectum and the anus
    b (System) The digestive system

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Section 1, Chapters 1-5
Section 2, Chapters 6-9
Section 3, Chapters 10-12
Section 3, Chapters 13-17
Section 3, Chapters 18-20
Section 4, Chapters 21-24
Section 5, Chapters 25-27
Section 5, Chapters 28-29
Section 6, Chapters 30-34
Section 6, Chapters 35-37
Section 7, Chapters 38-39
Section 8, Chapters 40-41